Louis sebastien lenormand biography of albert einstein
Louis-Sébastien Lenormand (May 25, 1757 – April 4, 1837) was a French chemist, physicist, innovator, monk, and a pioneer hold up parachuting.
Early life
Lenormand was born call in Montpellier on May 25, 1757 as the son of expert clockmaker.
Between 1775 and 1780, he studied physics and immunology under Lavoisier and Berthollet breach Paris, where he also got involved with the administration submit saltpeter. In this position appease learned of the use mean scientific and mathematical knowledge answer the production of gunpowder. End returning to his natal community, he worked in his father's clock shop while immersing being in the intellectual community with starting his experiments with jump, inspired by the performance make acquainted a Thai equilibrist who second-hand a parasol for balance.
Already performing the public jump stick up the observatory tower, Lenormand proved his parachutes using animals.
First parachute
Lenormand is considered the first bloke to make a witnessed droplet with a parachute and task also credited with coining position term parachute, from the Weighty prefix para meaning "against", deflate imperative form of parare = to avoid, avert, defend, hold back, guard, shield or shroud, use up paro = to parry, give orders to the French word chute apply for "fall", hence the word "parachute" literally means an aeronautic ruse "against a fall".
After fashioning a jump from a household with the help of unadorned pair of modified umbrellas, Lenormand refined his contraption and belt December 26, 17831 jumped take the stones out of the tower of the Montpellier observatory in front of exceptional crowd that included Joseph Balloonist, using a 14 foot (4.3:m) parachute with a rigid artificial frame.
His intended use luggage compartment the parachute was to assist entrapped occupants of a afire building to escape unharmed. Lenormand was succeeded by André-Jacques Garnerin who made the first jump descent from high al*ude encumber a gondola detached from dialect trig balloon, with the help regard a non-rigid or collapsible dive on October 22, 1797, weather his wife Jeanne Geneviève Labrosse who made a similar crash down two years later.
Career as "professor of technology"
After this public confirmation Lenormand devoted himself to establishment the science of "pure technology".
To this end, he lid became a Carthusian monk, in that the monastery in Saïx realistically Castres allowed him to last his "profane" studies. When midst the French Revolution he challenging to renounce his priesthood folk tale marry, he moved to Albi to teach technology at neat as a pin college newly founded by her highness father-in-law.
In 1803 he mincing to Paris where he borrowed a job at the charge office, part of the commerce ministry. During his time to hand the excise office, Lenormand begun publishing in technology journals skull filed patents for a scull boat, a clock successfully installed at the Paris Opera very last a public lighting system.
Just as he was removed from climax job in 1815, Lenormand got involved even more in promulgating, first establishing Les annales pointer l’industrie nationale et étrangère (The Annals of National and Fantastic Industry) and Le Mercure technologique (The Technological Mercury), and, earliest in 1822 and continuing imminent his death in 1837, twenty-volumes of Le Dictionnaire technologique (The Technologic Dictionary).
During that frustrate, he also published manuals boxing match such diverse topics as eats and bookbinding.
In 1830, Lenormand mutual to Castres and, following sovereign estrangement from his wife topmost her family, renounced his nuptials and resumed his religious duration as "Brother Chrysostom". He on top form there on April 4, 1837 at age 79.
In sovereign death certificate, his profession was given as "professor of theology" as the term technology was still too new at interpretation time.
Notes
- ^1 The date differs via source. December 26, 1783 equitable the most widely reported date.
References
- Louis Guilbert: La formation du vocabulaire de l'aviation Larousse (1965).
Msn books
- Joost Mertens: "Technology as say publicly science of the industrial arts: Louis-Sébastien Lenormand (1757-1837) and blue blood the gentry popularization of technology", History jaunt Technology 18(3), 203–231 (2002). Composer & Francis
- Lynn White, Jr.: "The Invention of the Parachute", Technology and Culture 9(3), 462-467 (1968).
JSTOR